First-Time Home Buyers Guide
Buying a home is one of the biggest decisions – both financially and emotionally – you will make in your lifetime. If you’re a first-time buyer, you’re probably thrilled about making the jump from apartment renting to owning your own house. While you’re excited, however, you also may be a bit overwhelmed by the procedures involved. Relocating or move-up buyers have the advantage of past experience, but still might need a refresher course on the intricacies of the process.
The buying process involves several steps, from finding a REALTOR® to making an offer to closing the deal. Whether you’re a first-time or experienced buyer, you’ll find an array of information in this section that will assist you on your way to realizing your goal of homeownership.
Are You Ready to Buy
As with any major purchase, it pays to be informed prior to making any decisions. As experienced buyers already know, buying a home is a complicated process, so it’s important to start at the beginning and thoroughly understand each step.
If you’re a first-time buyer, you should weigh the pros and cons of homeownership versus renting. There are many advantages and disadvantages to consider. If you are unsure how to make this assessment, WE CAN HELP!
Using a REALTOR When Buying a HOME
For most of us, a home is the single biggest purchase in our lives. The enormity of the financial transaction aside, finding the right home to fit our particular needs and wants is no easy undertaking. Just as you wouldn’t buy a car, computer or camcorder without doing some research into various models and prices, you shouldn’t consider purchasing a home without some expert advice and guidance. Though some people may think of using the services of a REALTOR® only when selling their homes, a REALTOR® can be invaluable when buying one as well.
It’s important to find a professional who is a REALTOR®. Why? A REALTOR® is someone who, as a member of the local, state and national trade associations, adheres to a strict code of ethics. Recently, the NATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF REALTORS® commissioned a nationwide survey to determine whether REALTORS® were doing their job professionally.
Are You Ready to Buy
As with any major purchase, it pays to be informed prior to making any decisions. As experienced buyers already know, buying a home is a complicated process, so it’s important to start at the beginning and thoroughly understand each step.
If you’re a first-time buyer, you should weigh the pros and cons of homeownership versus renting. There are many advantages and disadvantages to consider. If you are unsure how to make this assessment, WE CAN HELP!
Pre-Approval
REALTORS® recommend that buyers get pre-approved prior to initiating the mortgage process to determine the best type of mortgage for you and avoid rushing into a mortgage decision. Pre-approval is an official agreement by the lender specifying the exact amount for which you’ve been approved. In order to get pre-approved, you’ll meet with a loan officer who’ll review your credit history and often suggest a mortgage type that fits your situation. This process requires supplying the lender with various financial documents. By receiving pre-approval before making an offer to purchase, you’ll demonstrate your serious intentions and financial ability to the seller.
Downpayments and Financial Assistance
Even first-time buyers are usually aware that they’ll be required to make a downpayment in order to secure a home. But what you may not have heard is that within the past decade, downpayment assistance programs have been developed that either lower the deposit dramatically or eliminate italtogether. Before making your downpayment, you’ll want to investigate these programs to see if you qualify.
While low downpayments might seem attractive to cash-strapped buyers, keep in mind that the larger the downpayment, the smaller the mortgage loan — thereby allowing you to develop equity quicker. You’ll also want to consider that mortgages with less than a 20-percent downpayment usually require mortgage insurance. When determining the size of your downpayment, you may want to weigh the other costs involved, including closing costs and relocating expenses.
Beginning Your Home Search
Once you’ve determined that you’re ready to buy, it’s time to begin thinking about where you want to look. You’ll find there are many questions you must answer about the type of house you want to purchase. For example, are you interested in an older home or a new one? How big of a home do you need? Would you like to move closer to certain major roads or freeways? Your REALTOR® can answer many questions about the homes and communities you’re considering, and in the meantime, there are myriad resources available for you to begin your research.
Location Is Everything
Do you want to live in a particular city or neighborhood? If you’re a parent, you’re probably considering school districts and other child-friendly options like the proximity to parks. If you’re relocating to an unfamiliar area, you can contact the city or county government for information about the community. It’s a good idea to investigate crime statistics per neighborhood when you’re narrowing down the areas of your home search.
Or perhaps location is the reason why you’re buying in the first place — to move closer to your work, your spouse’s work or your extended family, or to live within a particular school district’s zone. As you’re probably aware, the location of your home can have a dramatic effect on its price.
Size Matters
You may have experienced growing pains in your current home, which prompted you to pursue buying a new abode. Or you’re entering a self-employed profession and need a home office. Consider all your space requirements before you start searching for a new home. There’s no reason to waste time looking at two-bedroom condos when you really need a four-bedroom house.
Locating Listings
Once you’ve narrowed down the specifics of your ideal home, where do you find listings? Your REALTOR® has access to thousands of listings in your area through the Multiple Listings Service (MLS). He or she will help you find available homes that meet your criteria. You can also start your own search at realtor.com, which is the most up to date and accurate public listing site.
The Transaction from End to End
Now that you’ve found the perfect home, it’s time to get the deal rolling. You’ll need to sign a residential purchase agreement, make an offer, possibly put down a deposit, conduct inspections and close the sale. If this all sounds overwhelming to you, don’t worry; your REALTOR® will guide you through each step.
Making An Offer/Residential Purchase Agreements and Buyer Representation Agreements
If you’re ready to purchase the home, you must get all the details in writing. The offer begins with a written proposal spelling out your price and any stipulations regarding the purchase. If the seller has agreed to pay part of the closing costs, for example, that needs to be specified in the accepted offer. In addition, sometimes offers to purchase are contingent upon factors like the buyers’ ability to obtain financing or the sellers finding housing within a certain time frame.
Buyers’ Up-Front Fees
In conjunction with the residential purchase agreement, buyers are usually expected to put down a deposit at the beginning of the transaction. If the buyer completes the sale, this money will be credited toward the buyer’s downpayment. If the buyer doesn’t complete the sale for legal or contractual reasons, the money is typically returned. However, if the buyer doesn’t complete the sale for other reasons, the seller may be entitled to keep the deposit. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) advises that deposits should be “substantial enough to demonstrate good faith,” usually 1 to 5 percent of the purchase price.
Because buyers frequently pay for most inspections, it may be a good idea to investigate the costs of the inspections you plan to obtain before an offer is made.
Home Inspections
Home inspections vary greatly. Some check the home’s structure, construction and mechanical systems, and appliances, which may be transferred with the property. Although different inspectors look for and test different things and may not discover everything that is wrong with a property, obtaining inspections is the best way to become informed of necessary repairs or problems with the home. Be advised that inspectors do not assess the value of your home.
An inspector typically checks the electrical system, plumbing and waste disposal, the water heater, insulation and ventilation, the HVAC system, water source and quality, ceilings, walls, floors, and roof.
Closing
The closing is the day you’ve been waiting for: when ownership of the home officially transfers from the seller to you! Prior to the closing, the escrow agent will present you with scores of legal documents to review and sign, and you’ll be expected to pay your downpayment and closing costs. In addition, a number of other legal procedures must be completed before the sale can close, including approving the mortgage application, clearing the title, appraising the property and recording the deed.